Your first mammogram: What to expect
A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray of the breast that can help identify changes within the breast tissue that may need further investigation. Breast screening can detect changes before they can be seen or felt.
If you’ve never had a mammogram before, it’s natural to have questions about what will happen. You might be wondering whether it will hurt, how you should prepare, or how long you’ll have to wait for your results.
A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray of the breast that can help identify changes within the breast tissue that may need further investigation. Breast screening can detect changes before they can be seen or felt.
Knowing what to expect can help you feel more prepared. Here, we take you through the process step by step.
What is a mammogram?
A mammogram is a specialised, low-dose X-ray used to create detailed images of breast tissue. It can identify changes that are too small to see or feel.
Your first mammogram can also provide a baseline that radiologists may use for comparison with future mammograms.
Why do I need a mammogram?
You might have a mammogram as part of routine breast screening when you have no symptoms, or as part of further investigations if you have a breast concern.
In England, the NHS routinely invites women for breast screening every three years from age 50 up to their 71st birthday. At Cromwell Hospital, private screening mammograms are available to asymptomatic patients aged 40 and over who haven't had a recent screening mammogram.
If you've noticed a new or unusual breast change, don't wait for your routine screening appointment. Seek medical advice so that your symptoms can be assessed and the most appropriate investigations recommended. If you have private medical insurance, contact your insurer to discuss referral onto a specialist breast diagnostic pathway. At Cromwell Hospital, patients with breast symptoms can access a rapid breast care diagnostic pathway, with assessment and investigations arranged according to their individual needs.
How should I prepare for my first mammogram?
You don't need to do anything complicated to prepare.
On the day, wearing a top that's easy to remove can make things more convenient, as you'll need to undress from the waist upwards in private. Avoid wearing deodorant or antiperspirant that contains aluminium on the day of your mammogram, as aluminium particles can show on the mammogram and affect the images. It is also best to avoid talcum powder.
Before your mammogram begins, you'll be asked about your breast health and any relevant history. This information helps the team reviewing your images.
If you're nervous about the examination, let your mammographer know. They can talk you through what is happening and support you throughout the appointment.
What happens during a mammogram?
During the mammogram, your mammographer will help position one breast at a time on the mammography machine.
The breast is held between two plates with a light compression on the breast for a few seconds while the X-ray image is taken. This compression keeps the breast still so clear images can be produced. The machine is repositioned to take another image, before the process is repeated for your other breast.
Taking the mammogram images themselves only takes a few minutes.
Does a mammogram hurt?
Having the breast compressed can be uncomfortable. However, the compression itself lasts a few seconds, and any discomfort should not last long.
It is important to communicate with your mammographer throughout. If you're uncomfortable or need to stop, tell them. Your mammographer is trained to support you and help make the examination as comfortable as possible.
How long does a mammogram take?
The X-rays themselves take only a few minutes, although you should allow longer for your overall appointment so there is time to check your details, discuss your breast history, get changed and have the images taken. The overall appointment usually takes no longer than 30 minutes.
What happens after your mammogram?
Once the images have been taken, you'll be able to get dressed and continue with your day.
At Cromwell Hospital, your mammogram images are reviewed by two consultant radiologists, who generate a report. Mammography results are typically provided within 48 hours. This process may be different at other health centres or hospitals.
If your mammogram identifies something that needs further investigation, this does not necessarily mean you have breast cancer. You may need additional tests to understand the finding in more detail.
What if I have breast cancer symptoms?
Routine breast screening is designed for people without symptoms. If you have noticed an unusual change in your breast, speak to your GP or seek specialist advice rather than waiting for a routine screening mammogram.
Changes that should be assessed can include a new lump or thickening, nipple discharge or bleeding, changes to the skin or nipple, or a change in the size or shape of the breast.
At Cromwell Hospital, people with breast abnormalities can access a rapid breast care diagnostic pathway. A specialist will review your symptoms and may recommend a physical examination, mammogram, ultrasound, or biopsy depending on your individual needs.
Your breast health at Cromwell Hospital
Having your first mammogram can feel like a big step, but knowing what to expect can help you feel more prepared.
At Cromwell Hospital, our experienced mammographers provide private breast screening in our dedicated Breast Unit. Breast consultants, imaging and support services are conveniently located together, helping to provide a seamless experience throughout your care.
We offer a complete pathway for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and other breast conditions. Your consultation, mammogram, ultrasound and biopsy, where required, can often take place on the same day, helping you get answers as quickly as possible.
